Drying system for use with annular kilns



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June 18, 1929. o. BUSCH DRYING SYSTEM FOR USE WITH ANNUL/AR KILNS FiledMay 14, 1927 8 Sheets-Sheet 8 ld 97m JJ r 20 j Patented June 13, 1929.

OTTO BUSCH, OF LIEBERTWOLKWITZ, GERMANY.`

DRYING SYSTEMEEOR-USE WITH .A1.\`|'l\T12TLARICELNSV Application filed`May 14, 1927, Ser'al No. 191,472, and in Germany September 21` 1326.l

This invention relates to a drying system for use with annular kilns inthe production of ceramic and similar goods, and the invention consistsin the provision of a plurality of .parallel drying chambers arranged atopposite sides of the kiln and two series of lues carried across saidchambers one above and the other underneath the same, means being`provided for supplying combustion gases and hot air .from the kiln tosaid iiues lior indirect and direct heating of the chamn hers as well asfor returning moist air from the chambers to the fines for admiXturewith the dry hot air in the latter for a regulation of the temperature.

It should be observed that the employment of tlues carried acrossheating chambers for distributing -gases and hot air in the latter isalready known.

F igfl` of the accompanying drawings represents a horizontal partsection of the system taken on the line I-l oi Fig. 4,

Fig. 2, another horizontal section on the line H-II of Fig. 3,

. Fig. 3, a vertical section on a larger scale taken on the line III-IIIof Fig. 2,

Fig. 4, a vertical section on the line IV*IV of Fig. 2, p

Fig. 5, a vertical section on the line V-V of Fig. 2,

Fig. 6, a vertical section on the line VI-VI of Fig. 2,

Fig.'7, a vertical section taken onthe line VII-VII of Fig. 1, and

Fig. 8, a! vertical section on the line VH1-VH1 of Fig. 1.

Figs. 9 to 12 incl. are diagrammatic illustrations of the circulation ofthe drying medium.

The drying system comprises two groups of parallel drying chambers 41arranged at opposite sides of an annular kiln. Carried transverselyacross these chambers, midway of their length, are two series of flues,one being arranged above and the other below the chambers as shown inFigs. 3 and 4 where the fines in the upper series are designated 21, 22and 23, and those in the lower series 18, 19 and 20. Each chamber has atthe bottom a longitudinal flue 27 (Figs. 5 and 6) which is separatedfrom the chamber by a. domed corrugated metal cover 30. The iiues 27communicate through apertures 25 with the flue 19 and through apertures29 at the ends with fines 31, 32 and 33 (Fig. 2) and through the latterflues'with a chimney. At opposite sides of each flue 27 channels l37 and38 are arranged which communicatethrough slits 39and 40 in the coverplates with the respective chamber and through apertures 24 and 26 withthe lues 18 and 2O respectively. Above the flue 27 in each chamber thereis a gilled-pipe 36 through which exhaust steam, it such is available,is led for the heating of the chambers.

At the top of each drying chamber 41 a chamber 43 (Figs. 5 and 6) isprovided for the-collection of moist air. This collecting chamber issituated between a horizontal partition in which there are apertures 42and an archedfroot in which there are slits 44. The slits 44 open intochannels 46 and 48 which communicate through apertures 49 and 51 withthe lues21 and 23 respectively (Fig. 6). Between these channels there isa channel 47 which communicates through slits 45 with the chamber 43 andthrough apertures 50 with the liue22 (F ig. 5) and throughthe latterwith the discharge flue 33. Along the side walls ofthe chambers 43there'are gutters 43 for the collection and discharge of water ofcondensation deposited on the walls. The

. slits 44 and 45 over the chambers 43, and the slits39 and 40 over thechannels 37 and 38 are narrow in the neighbourhood of the transverse'distributing lues and widen gradually away from the saine, as showninFigs. 3 and 4, so as to ensure an equal distribution of the air andgases within the drying chambers.

Combustion gases from the kiln are drawn from the flues u and 4 by a fan1 which delivers them through a flue 5 into the iiue 19, (Fig. 1). Thehot air derived from the kiln by convection and radiation collects in achamber 16 (Fig. 3) whence it is delivered at the opening ot al damper17 into a pipe 7 which communicates through a pipe 6 with a fan 2 (Fig.1). The latter feeds the `hot air through a iiue 8 whence it can bediverted by means of a flap valve 9 F ig. 8) either into the iiue2() orinto the flue 23. The lues 18 and 21 discharge, Linder regulation bymeans of a damper 13, into a flue 12 which leads to a fan 3. The latterfeeds into a flue 10 which com'- municates with a chimney 14 but whichcan also be connected over a damper 11 with the lues 8 and 20.

The intakes and outlets of the 'different fans are regulated by means ofdampers 54. The apertures between. the lues and the dryilo ing chambersare itted with regulating dampers. Access to the lues and channels canbe had through manholes 52 and 53.4

The modus operandi is as follows:

After filling the drying chambers with fresh material, a preliminary-drying is et tected by means olf combustion gases which are ted by thefan 1 through the flues 5, 19 and 27. rlhe moist air produced in thechambers is led oil' to the chimney through the flues 22 and 33, thedampers of the apertures 50 being adjusted according to the availabledraft. 1vlfater ot condensation deposited on the walls of the collectingchamber L13, is collecte-d by the gutters 43 and prevented from drippingback into the drying chamber.

lll/Then the preliminary drying has proceeded far enough to allow anincrease in the temperature, the apertures v211 and 26 are opened. Hetair from the tan 2 will then be supplied to the 'flue 20, and the moistair will be drawn oil by the tan 3 through the 'flues 18 and 12. rlfhemoist air is mainly discharged through the lue 10 and through thechimney 14, but part of the same may be delivered through the flue 23back into the drying chamber for modifying the temperature, theapertures 51 being opened for this purpose. 'At a later stage, theapertures 49 are opened so that moist air will be led through the flue21 to the tan 3. Part of this air is used for mixing with the hot air,as before, the remainder being discharged into the atmosphere, At theend of the drying process the hot flue gases from th-e kiln may be edtogether with the hot air into the drying chambers, the discharge beingthrough the lines 21 and 22. Moreover, exhaust steam, if available, isted through the pipes 36.

By a suitable adjustment ot' the dampers air mixtures oft dirllerentkind and temperature may be led in this manner upwards or downwardsthrough the drying chambers to suit the particular 'goods undertreatment, and a very rapid and uniform drying will be effected whilethe available heat is utilized to its fullest advantage.

l claim:

1. The combination with an annular kiln oit a plurality oit paralleldrying chambers yarrai'iged at opposite sides of the kiln, two series oflues carrie-d transversely across said chambers one above and the otherbelow thc same, fans communicating with the different fines, and meansfor connecting said lues with one another and with the liln to allowcombustion gases and hot air from the kiln to be used. for direct andindirect heating of the chambers and allow the moist air from thechambers to be returned to the lues for admixture with the fresh dryingair.

2. rlhe structure claimed in claim 1, a chamber arranged between thekiln and one ol the Yfans lor collecting the hot air from the kiln, andmeans for connecting said latter fan with dillerent lues.

3. rlhe structure claimed in claim 1 and a flue carried along the bottomof each drying ychamber for indirect heating by means ol combustiongases, said latter flue being separated itrom the respective chamber bymeans ot domed, corrugated metal plate.

4. A drying system according to claim 1 wherein each drying chamber hasan arched roof and a perforated partition forming together a chamber forthe collection of moist air, and gutters carried along the sides of saidehamber ttor the collection and discharge of water of condensation.

5. The structure claimed in claim 1 and longitudinal channels throughwhiehthe drying chambers communicate with the lues, the communicationbetween said channels and the chambers being effected through aperturesthe el'l'ective area of which is gradually widened in proportion to thedistance out the apertures 'from the tlues so as to produce a uniformdistribution et the admitted air and gases.

OTTO BUSCH.' Y

